Study connective capabilities of solid residues from the waste incineration

Abstract

Currently there is increasingly closer interaction between the importance of environmental protection and efficient promoting of scientific and technological progress in the field of waste incineration. Waste is not only undesirable source of pollution, but if it is effectively used it also has great economic importance. In the Czech Republic 34.5 million tonnes of all wastes was produced in 2017, of which 5.7 million tonnes of municipal waste. 50% of the produced municipal waste was used, 38% of which was used for the material and 12% for energy utilization. 45% of municipal waste was deposited in the landfills. The method of waste incineration is among the major tools to reduce the landfill waste. The use or processing of the product which the process of incineration of municipal and hazardous waste generated can be considered as an obstacle to the favorable reception of this process. Apart from flammable components, waste also contains certain amount of dangerous particles. This is especially the sulfur chlorides, fluorine, PCBs and other heavy decomposable organic substances and heavy metals. This fact puts high demands on the gas cleaning processes followed by neutralization of other products that the incinerator leaves, in which these substances can be contained in higher concentrations than in the original waste. For this reason subsequent stabilization of these toxic substances is necessary to ensure new environmental burdens are avoided when not used properly. The major part of the waste combustion process is made up of ash and slag. One of the most common ways of dealing with these solid residues is disposing them to avoid creating new hazardous waste landfills. Other filtering waste also passes hazardous waste stabilization process before landfilling. Currently there is intensive search for new possibilities for utilization of solid residues from incineration. Nowadays there is emphasis on process control of their pretreatment for the production of draft procedure with its management. Appropriate procedures may minimize the instances of improper use.