Nebezpečí výbuchu při technologické dopravě a skladování sypkých plastů v podmínkách chemického průmyslu

Abstract

SKLENÁROVÁ, Martina. The explosion hazard in the technological transport and storage of the bulk plastics in the chemical industry: Dissertation. Ostrava: VŠB – Technical University of Ostrava, Faculty of Safety Engineering, 2020. 1XX s. Thesis supervisor: doc. Ing. Petr Štroch, Ph.D.

The dissertation focuses on the hazards arising from the plastic dust, the impact of the properties of plastic dust on the formation and course of the explosion and what risk poses for the technological equipment in which the dust is located. The samples of polyethylene and polypropylene dust, which are a by-product of the granulate production and storage, were examined.

The fire – technical characteristics of dust samples have been established in an expert laboratory. In another section, the explosion tests were carried out on the containers of a similar shape what are in the plastic granules plant. The pressure effects of the explosion, the rate of spread of the pressure wave, the rate of spread of the flame of the explosion, the volume of the flame and the temperature at the explosion were evaluated. The purpose of the testing was to obtain the values about the hazard of dust explosion in the technology. The examination of the plastic dust properties and its behavior in the explosion has shown that the risk of explosion in technological equipment cannot be underestimated. The size of the hazard also depends on the conditions and technological method.

It was possible to determine the probability of an explosion occurring from the probability of the occurrence of an explosive atmosphere and the likelihood of the occurrence of effective initiation sources in technological equipment. The degree of risk has been determined by classifying the probability of an explosion and determining the consequences. The implementation of the complex fire and explosion measures is also growing with the increasing risk. The last step was to evaluate the level of explosion risk, the asseessment and design of the measures.