Analýza vývoje a příčin nezaměstnanosti v oblasti Sudet

Abstract

This thesis analyzes regional disparities in unemployment in the Czech Republic, with a particular focus on the area of the former Sudetenland. This historically and structurally specific region has long faced an above-average unemployment rate, linked to a combination of socioeconomic and demographic factors. The aim of the thesis is to analyze the development of unemployment in the Sudetenland, identify its main determinants, and compare these relationships with inland areas that are not historically connected to the Sudeten past. The analysis is based on panel data at the district level and applies fixed-effects panel regression, including interaction terms. The results show that certain variables—especially the number of job vacancies, the level of social benefits, and the rate of personal debt enforcement—have a stronger effect in the Sudetenland than in inland regions. These factors were found to be particularly significant for younger and long-term unemployed individuals. The thesis highlights the need for targeted regional policy measures that reflect the specific characteristics of border regions, particularly through employment support, improved infrastructure, and better access to services. The findings may serve as a basis for more effective design of economic and social policy instruments.