Měření a modelování optických prvků a struktur.

Abstract

This thesis is focused on new possibilities of using white-light spectral interferometry for measurement of the key parameters and dispersion characteristics of optical components, such as birefringent crystals or highly birefringent optical fibers. In the first part the basic guiding principles in optical fibers, mode field equations and dispersion are summarized. The second part of the thesis deals with a theoretical analysis of a spectral interference at the output of a dispersive birefringent optical component alone. A birefringent optical fiber is also considered in a tandem configuration with a Michelson interferometer. In the third part, the experimental results are presented and discussed. All presented methods are based on processing of the spectral interference of polarized eigen waves in the crystal or polarization modes supported by the optical fiber, utilizing either a simple experimental set-up with the tested component placed between a polarizer and an analyzer or a birefringent optical fiber in combination with a Michelson or a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The presented methods are suitable for measurement of the phase and group birefringence dispersion in crystals and fibers, the chromatic dispersion of polarization modes, including the zero-dispersion wavelength, in birefringent optical fibers, respectively.