Návrh a testování elektrochemických senzorů pro možnost monitorování nástupu kompartment syndromu

Abstract

The diploma thesis deals with design and realization of electrochemical sensors for noninvasive compartment syndrome monitoring. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the literature review concerning the problems of compartment syndrome, its origin, risk factors, possibilities of therapy and current methods for syndrome diagnosis with a focus on non-invasive methods and the use of electrochemical measurements for monitoring of increasing intramuscular pressure during compartment syndrome. The experimental part of the thesis deals with the design of the model simulating compartment syndrome in laboratory conditions, the design of the measurement methodology in the proposed model for testing electrochemical sensors and designing electronic modules for signal processing from the sensor, namely the ISFET pH sensor, which appears to be a suitable tool for non-invasive diagnostics compartment syndrome, especially in terms of less patient burden and measurement options even under plaster plates. Furthermore, a modified electrolyte composition is tested in the compartment syndrome model system. If theoretical assumptions are demonstrated, particular a higher measurement sensitivity, the modified electrolyte could be used to produce new sensors for non-invasive diagnosis of compartment syndrome. The testing of the modified electrolyte composition results in the fact that in this modified electrolyte composition the dependence of pH on the change of the partial pressure of pCO2 is not in accordance with the theoretical assumption and in the future it is necessary to find another composition which will show the desired course of dependence, ie increased sensitivity in the area of interest measured partial pressures that manifest in the affected limbs compartment syndrome. This work clearly enabled the orientation in the chemical processes that take place in the compartment syndrome in the tissue and outlined the possibility of their recording using the ISFET pH sensor.