Slitiny s jevem tvarové paměti z ternárních a vícekomponentních systémů Ti-Ni-X, možnosti přípravy, producenti, transformační chování, aplikace

Abstract

This bachelor thesis deals with ternary and polycomponent shape memory alloys based on NiTi. The first part summarizes the characteristics of binary alloy, ternary and quaternary alloys. It continues with the methods of preparation of these alloys, including vacuum induction melting, vacuum arc remelting, plasma melting with horizontal crystallizer, electron beam melting and preparation with powder metallurgy. Next we focused on transformation characteristics. We discussed crystallographic structures of shape memory alloys. We dealt with thermodynamics of these alloys, effects on transformation temperatures, types of martensitic transformation, hysteresis. Last but not least, we focused on the shape memory manifestations and transformation behavior of selected alloys. We also looked at the possibilities of application in practice and at the producers of alloys based on NiTi. Finally, the metallography of selected samples is presented.