Předpoklady reliéfu vybrané horské oblasti pro vznik lavin

Abstract

In alpine environments avalanches constitute danger, which threatens life and health and can cause considerable material damage. Avalanche prediction and understanding of their behavior is crucial in terms of avalanche prevention. The thesis analyzes the knowledge of avalanche issue and focuses on the use of geographic information systems and digital elevation model to derive the basic topographic parameters and their further usage in identifying potential avalanche release zones. These are necessary for the subsequent modeling of avalanche paths and run-outs using dynamic avalanche model. Outputs of this modeling are compared and combined with real avalanche events in the area of interest. As a pilot area was chosen territory Sutovska valley Mala Fatra Krivan, where the avalanche prevention is highly justified, as demonstrated by the number of avalanche events recorded in this area in the past. Modeling results were specified and calibrated with real data from the database provided by the Centre for avalanche prevention. Output of modelling is a map identifying the riskiest places in terms of potential avalanche breake away and analysis of the potential reach and avalanche path for selected parameters of breakaway. Performed analysis and approach can serve as a suitable concept in reducing avalanche risk not only in this area, but the appropriate parameter settings can be used also in other avalanches threatened areas.