Zpracování jemnozrnných odpadů z energetiky a metalurgie

Abstract

Steel slag and blast furnace slag are created during the production of iron and steel. The blast furnace slag has very advanced level for use, nowadays. While the effective use for many types of steel slag are still looking. The use of steelmaking ladle slag in the construction industry is very difficult, because they are volume unstable and their deposition on the heap is inefficient and costly. Based on these reason, the steel producers are trying to use these wastes in another manufactures, for example such as recyclate material in own production. The reason for such utilization is relatively high content of iron and other metal oxides that are using the during refining steel. This work is focused for the search slags with binding properties. The binding properties of slags are effected by chemical composition, cooling mode and their age. This work tries to document the hydraulic properties of steel slags and find their subsequent application as a binder, which is suitable for processing fine grained metallic wastes. The first section is summarized available information concerning the problems of the creation, distribution and use of slags. It includes procedures about alkali activation of slags and hydration slags with water. The theoretical part is discussed further in specification of fine grained waste produced in the metallurgical and energy industry. The experimental part is focused on the specification of the methods that are used by for determining mechanical properties for the prepared samples. In this section are specified methods that were used for obtaining chemical and phase composition of selected materials. The main aim of the experiment was to obtain comprehensive overview of slags which are hydratable water which have good mechanical properties. Based on the conducted experiments were selected suitable slags. These slags are in another part used as a binder for the creation of compact briquettes from the fine grained metallic waste materials. For testing were selected ash, which have good binding properties like slags. The results of this study provide an overview of the mechanical properties of more than thirty slags and ashes which has been alkali activated and hydrated with water. Furthermore, there is an overview of chemical and phase composition of slags. And there is a record of measuring calorimeter slags blended with water. Based on the conducted experiments are slags used as a binder for preparing briquettes. Water hydrated slags are alternate substitutes binders based on the Portland cement. Prepared briquettes have a significant portion of waste materials that are suitable for recycling in the melting units. These briquettes have sufficient compressive strength that ensure their handling strength.