Analýza životního cyklu (LCA) fotovoltaického panelu v závislosti na energetické náročnosti výroby komponent

Abstract

The dissertation is focused on the life cycle analysis of photovoltaic panel in the environment of the Czech Republic based on the increasing demand for renewable energy sources in relation to the reduction of the production of harmful substances in energy production and to meet the growing demand for the amount of energy that we currently obtain mainly from conventional carbon-based sources. The study is based on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), which analyses and assesses the environmental impacts of the entire life cycle of a product from cradle to grave, i.e. from extraction, processing, manufacturing, transport, use to disposal/recycling. The first part of the thesis contains a theoretical analysis of the production processes, the process of raw material sourcing, the production technologies used with the implementation of specific solutions and an explanation of the processes involved. The second part focuses on the practical part, starting with the selection of suitable components for the measurement of the PV panel performance, its appropriate placement and wiring setup, followed by the detection, recording and evaluation of the acquired data. Due to the size of the data, these data are summarized in tables with summary graphs and then described. All the data obtained are included in the appendices. After the end of the measured part, i.e. the period from 1 January 2020 to 1 January 2021, specific data for the measured PV panel were obtained in cooperation with REsolar Ltd., Asekol Inc. and information from the data sheets of the PV panel manufacturer Victron Energy and these were used with the help of the LCA software SimaPro to identify and describe the environmental load and to determine the energy required in the life cycle of these components of the PV panel under investigation. The following is a comparative research method of the measured values with the values reported by the manufacturer and found using the SimaPro software. At the end of the thesis, I analyze and evaluate the results and propose specific solution options.