Analýza těžby hlubokomořských konkrecí a jejich úpravy

Abstract

Manganese nodules represent a future alternative source of many elements such as manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper and rare earth elements (lanthanides). Increasing production of elements in new technologies and reduction of reserves caused exploring the use of nodules for commercial extraction. The most attractive sites of reserves are located in the north of Pacific Ocean, at the southeastern part of the Pacific Ocean and in the north of Indian Ocean at a depth of 4000-6000 meters. In the northern part of the Pacific Ocean, between Mexico and the Hawaiian archipelago, there is an area Clarion-Clipperton Zone, which is a part of the organization Interoceanmetal and in which the Czech Republic carries out research. Development of the commercial extraction is at the beginning and the research, testing and improving of mining systems are provided.