Vrstevnaté silikáty jako užitečné katalyzátory/nanoreaktory při odstraňování polutantů vod

Abstract

This bachelor thesis describes possibilities for preparation of silicates with non-noble metals ions, which could be used for waste water treatment from chlorinated hydrocarbons. Vermikulite and montmorillonite were selected for preparation of modified silicates. Preparation of these pillared silicates was performer with sorption of iron, nickel, aluminium, magnesium, zirkonium, titanium and cobalt ions, which were chemically bounded into interlayer areas of both silicates. Their preparation was divided to following steps, when the product from each step of preparation could be used as a nanoreactor for waste water treatment from chlorinated hydrocarbons. Character of clays catalysators is changed after each modification. Piling of clays appears as optimal way for their preparation, when metal ions are put to clays interlayer (during intercalation) and then these metal ion are stabilized in clays interlayer by heating (by calcination process). Conclusion of this bachelor thesis is summary of critical factors for catalysators preparation and impact of their preparation for their catalytic behaviour and their stability