Energetická transformace odpadu na plynná a kapalná paliva.

Abstract

Safety and operational reliability are fundamental conditions for the market application of chemical waste recycling and fuel production technologies. Existing semi-operational units, which can only be operated for tens of hours under the supervision of scientific teams, cannot be considered ready for market deployment. Another limiting factor for market deployment of units operating on the principle of thermochemical conversion is their output, which is waste according to current legislation. For market application, it is necessary to transform the output into a product using physical and chemical treatment methods.

Although there are several technical solutions for the application of the thermochemical conversion process (pyrolysis), their defects and shortcomings are almost identical. The so-called overgrowth of pipes and the gradual blockage of condensate exchangers occur. Mechanical cleaning with steam or organic solvents requires the plant to be taken out of operation. This is physically demanding work for maintenance workers wearing face masks, long rubber gloves and protective gowns. The aim of the dissertation is to define the fouling mechanism and to find a technical solution that would allow continuous operation of the pyrolysis unit without the need for frequent shutdowns and manual work in difficult conditions.

Another objective of the dissertation is a detailed analysis of the liquid derivative, determination of the marketable components contained in it and technical design of the equipment for their rectification. Marginally, the dissertation will also deal with the presence of pyrogenetic water and process procedures for its removal.