Polymerní nanokompozitní materiály pro membránové technologie s definovanými nanočásticemi oxidů kovů

Abstract

This work deals with the preparation of polymer nanocomposite materials based on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and the characterization of structural and phase changes caused by adding magnesium oxide (MgO) nanofillers into the polymer matrix. The theoretical part of this work is based on a literature review on membrane technologies, the function and functionalization of metal oxide nanoparticles for polymer matrixes, and the influence of clay particles on structural and phase changes of PVDF. The experimental part is divided into two sections. In the first section the preparation and characterization of pure MgO nanoparticles and nanoparticles of MgO/V and MgO_ZnO/V is described. The second part deals with the preparation of PVDF, PVDF_V, PVDF_MgO, PVDF_MgO/V and PVDF_MgO_ZnO/V nanocomposite films and their characterization. The prepared films are hydrophilic in nature and have a thickness of up to 63 μm. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of α and γ phases in PVDF matrix. Based on TGA/DTA analyses, it was confirmed that the presence of MgO increases the crystallinity from 49% (PVDF) to 65% (PVDF_MgO) and the thermal stability of the nanocomposite films.