Diverzita bakterií v půdách a sedimentech kontaminovaných kovy

Abstract

This submitted bachelor’s dissertation is dealing with the diversity of bacteria in soils and soil sediments that are contaminated with metals. The first chapter of this dissertation is focused on the characteristics of soil, sediment, metals and their distribution. Most important, however, are anthropogenically contaminated soil metals as a result of human activity is causing the penetration of heavy metals in the soil and increase their natural content. These include products industry, transport and energy. The next part is dealing with bacteria and their role in the biotransformation of metals in the soils. Here are the processes of bioaccumulation, biovolatilization, bioremediation, bioleaching and biosorption. The last chapter of this bachelor’s dissertation is devoted to the occurrence of major taxonomic tribes such as Proteobacteria, Planctomycetes, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Nitrospira.