Socioekonomické dopady pandemie COVID-19 v rozvojových zemích

Abstract

The world economy is still going through a pandemic, which during 2020 devastated the economies of almost all countries. The new disease now known as COVID-19 was first identified in Wuhan, People's Republic of China in December 2019, and now still persists globally in different variants. Economic indicators show that the COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected global economic growth to an extent that was not seen even during the global financial crisis in 2008-2009. The regression analysis, which is based on empirical studies, shows that those developing countries in which services and tourism contributed significantly to gross domestic product in 2019, which faced a higher share of gross government debt in GDP, and countries which economic growth was significantly determined by external demand, were most affected by pandemic shocks. The results of the regression analysis for developed countries show that economies were also affected through tourism and it is also clear that these countries were affected by the health crisis itself. For developing countries, the issue of fiscal sustainability and also the issue of vaccine cooperation will be crucial in the following months, especially their equal distribution.