Návrh modelu cenotvorby vysokorychlostních železničních tratí v České republice v kontextu vybraných evropských zemí

Abstract

This diploma thesis focuses on designing a pricing model for high-speed rail infrastructure in the Czech Republic in the context of selected European countries. The Czech Republic is currently in the preparatory phase of building its High-Speed Rail network, while the existing pricing model of the Railway Administration does not yet reflect the specifics of high-speed operations. The theoretical section defines the economic principles of transport infrastructure pricing, natural monopoly theory, Ramsey pricing, and the EU legislative framework under Directive 2012/34/EU. The analytical section compares the pricing mechanisms of the Czech Republic, France, Italy, and Spain through comparative analysis and benchmarking. The analysis identified as key gaps of the Czech system the absence of differentiated tariff rates for high-speed operations and the absence of a market mark-up for the commercial segment. Benchmarking of price levels quantified these findings and established reference values applicable to the Czech context. The proposal section presents three pricing model variants. Through multi-criteria analysis, the second variant was selected, namely a two-component model combining a differentiated physical charge with an explicit market mark-up. A model simulation on the Prague–Brno route confirms the functionality and international comparability of the proposed model. Implementation is achievable without legislative amendment, through an update to Annex C of the Network Statement.