Vláknité houby Aspergillus: využití sekundárních metabolitů v biotechnologiích

Abstract

The Bachelor thesis is of a data search character and is focused on the use of microscopic filamentous fungi of the Aspergillus genus in industrial and environmental biotechnologies. The first part of the thesis provides general information on the genus of fungi in terms of their physiology, morphology, pathogenicity and taxonomy, which has not been closed and is very complex due to the unclear position of the sexual stages in reproductive cycles. The most important representatives of the genus are listed in the following chapters, including their characteristics, occurrence and interactions with other organisms. The last part of the thesis deals with the possible use of the genus for its interesting enzymatic profile in a wide range of biotechnologies, especially in the industrial production of food, beverages and pharmaceuticals. Here, attention is also paid to the specific biotechnological applications in the chemical industry, as the genus is a major producer of a number of organic acids, such as the well-known citric, gluconic, oxalic or icatonic acids. These fungi are promising microorganisms in modern biotechnology, they are also increasingly used in the field of biotechnological production of enzymes and ethanol.