Význam plazmidů v genomu bakteriální buňky

Abstract

This work is focused on mobile genetic elements of bacteria – plasmids. The introduction describes the characteristics of the bacterial genome, construction, size and conformation in the cell, including a significant genetic component genomes of bacteria, which include nucleoid, plasmids, bacteriophages, transposons, composite transposons, insertion sequence elements and Tn3. A separate section of the paper is a characterization of the distribution of plasmids, gene banks using data created tables and graphs showing the proportion of plasmids in the genome of selected bacterial strains. The last part describes the mechanisms of bacterial plasmids into cells and their importance in transgenosis.