Materiály pro automobilový design

Abstract

This thesis presents the relationship between materials and automotive design, with a main focus on biocomposites combining polymer matrix with natural fibres. The materials are the substance of the product design, while the design determines the shape and method of use. The review will present an interdisciplinary perspective on the relationship of contemporary automotive design to sustainability and ecology. Polymer composites are at the forefront of current trends for their excellent strength to density ratio, but their production primarily uses non-renewable resources. The application of natural ingredients in modern composite materials is in line with sustainability trends. The research focuses on polymer matrix flax composites and their application in automotive design. Using a set of tests, the mechanical properties of flax composites are assessed in direct comparison with synthetic composites. Tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength and vibration absorption tests are performed. The effect of moisture on the strength of the composite is assessed by tensile testing. The nature of the resulting failure is presented in a series of microscopic images that show the composition of the composite in detail and help to understand the principle of failure. For the application of the composite in product design, it is essential to describe the ability of the material to be reshaped into the desired shape. For this purpose, a formability test is proposed and the experience of producing a prototype product is described. Finally, for the composite under investigation, a product is designed for its application in automotive design and a manufacturing procedure is established.