Vliv klimatických změn na zdroje vody v deltě Mekong ve Vietnamu.

Abstract

Abstract The Mekong Delta is located at the end of the Mekong River downstream, right before the river discharges itself into the East Sea and partly into the Gulf of Thailand. This is a low and flat land, with an average elevation of 1-2 m above sea level and deposited by the silt of the Mekong River. As the coastal delta located at the lower part of a system of rivers which has big valley (Mekong River) and is vulnerable to the climate change, Mekong Delta is evaluated as suffering from most of main consequences of the climate change, namely: - The consequences of the sea level rise from the sea side are big waves along with the coast, big flows in rivers and the river mouths, reduced land due to inundation and saltwater intrusion to the inland. - Consequences due to the weather fluctuation in the valley, and the most dangerous consequence is the flood and drought.. The double pressure of the climate change may cause to reduce or totally lose innate advantages on the land/water resources and the natural ecosystem of the Mekong Delta.

This study focuses on the following issues: 1. Identify the impacts of the climate change to the change of the water resource in Mekong Delta 2. Identify the possibilities of ensuring the water resource to the sustainable development of Mekong Delta 3. Predicted main issues in the Mekong Delta; Orientation for management and use of water resources in the Mekong Delta; 4. Propose appropriate solutions to adapt the climate change for appropriate exploitation and use of the water resource in Mekong Delta. Selection of pollution mitigation & treatment models appropriate to specific conditions in Mekong Delta flooded areas.

Abstract The Mekong Delta is located at the end of the Mekong River downstream, right before the river discharges itself into the East Sea and partly into the Gulf of Thailand. This is a low and flat land, with an average elevation of 1-2 m above sea level and deposited by the silt of the Mekong River. As the coastal delta located at the lower part of a system of rivers which has big valley (Mekong River) and is vulnerable to the climate change, Mekong Delta is evaluated as suffering from most of main consequences of the climate change, namely: - The consequences of the sea level rise from the sea side are big waves along with the coast, big flows in rivers and the river mouths, reduced land due to inundation and saltwater intrusion to the inland. - Consequences due to the weather fluctuation in the valley, and the most dangerous consequence is the flood and drought.. The double pressure of the climate change may cause to reduce or totally lose innate advantages on the land/water resources and the natural ecosystem of the Mekong Delta.

This study focuses on the following issues: 1. Identify the impacts of the climate change to the change of the water resource in Mekong Delta 2. Identify the possibilities of ensuring the water resource to the sustainable development of Mekong Delta 3. Predicted main issues in the Mekong Delta; Orientation for management and use of water resources in the Mekong Delta; 4. Propose appropriate solutions to adapt the climate change for appropriate exploitation and use of the water resource in Mekong Delta. Selection of pollution mitigation & treatment models appropriate to specific conditions in Mekong Delta flooded areas.