Zhodnocení měnových unií v historii a současnosti prizmatem teorie optimální měnové oblasti

Abstract

The doctoral thesis deals with monetary unions in the past and present. The aim of the thesis is to evaluate, based on the optimum currency area theory and criteria, whether monetary unions in the past – Latin Monetary Union and Scandinavian Monetary Union, the Euro Area and two potential monetary unions – NAFTA and MERCOSUR, fulfil the requirements of the optimum currency area theory. The author is asking himself several research questions in accordance with this aim: Are all states in the Euro Area an optimum currency area? Is there any historical precedent in the Latin Monetary Union or in the Scandinavian Monetary Union towards the Euro Area and is it possible to compare historical monetary unions with the Euro Area? Are states of NAFTA or MERCOSUR good candidates for creation a monetary union? From the results it follows that the Euro Area has deficiencies to be the optimum currency area in its contemporary form. An existence of a core and a periphery was confirmed according to the results. The Scandinavian Monetary Union created more the optimum currency area than the Latin monetary union according to the OCA theory. The monetary unions in the past differ from the Euro Area. The states of NAFTA (especially the United States and Canada) are more appropriate candidates than the states of MERCOSUR for a creation of the monetary union.