Komparativní studie výbuchových parametrů směsí konstitučních izomerů propanolu se vzduchem

Abstract

Fire and explosion hazards are associated with certain dangerous processes, substances and their properties. Therefore, the technical and safety characteristics together with other physical and chemical quantities form a crucial criterion for determining the hazardous properties of substances. The aim of the thesis is to predict, analyse and experimentally confirm the explosion parameters of propanol isomers with the application of results in the energy and chemical industries. In this work, suitable predictions of measured explosion parameters, description of experimental equipment (autoclave) for measurement of explosion parameters of flammable vapors are presented. Optimization of the explosion chamber measurement systems for measurement of mixtures of alcohols with air and analysis of dependence of explosion parameters on initial temperature have been made. The work is focused on experimental investigation of explosion characteristics of two propanol isomers mixed with air measured at two different initial temperatures. Explosion pressure, maximum rate of explosion pressure increase and time from initiation to maximum explosion pressure were measured as explosion characteristics. The dependence of explosion characteristics on time and initial temperature are discussed. The results of the work indicate that the maximum explosion pressure is a linear function of the initial temperature. The maximum rate of explosion pressure build-up is not sensitive to changing the initial temperature. When comparing the two propanol isomers with air, an increase in both the explosion pressure and the maximum explosion pressure in the order of 1-propanol and 2 propanol is observed. In contrast, the time from initiation to the maximum explosion pressure increases due to decreasing velocity of the flame front.