Vybrané možnosti využití biomasových popelů

Abstract

The times of increasin costs of primary resources call for measures when wastes are regarde as prospective raw materials. The disertation focuses on selected applications of ash originating from combustion of plant biomass, the production of which, with regard to the world-wide trends in energy recovery from renewable resources, is increasing significantly. The first suggested option is the biomas ash application as an alkalizer in treatment of acid mine water from brown coal mining. Samples of biomass ash from diverse sources were tested in the experiments, which aimed to dtermine whether these are able to alkalize acid mine water, an identificytion of the properties of the arising sludge and potential mobility of hazardous elements from the biomass ash into the mine water. Making use of the biomas ash samples, alkalization of acid mine water wasvery effective and the mobility of hazardous elements from the biomass ash was negligible. The second considered option is an application of biomass ash as a component in loose hydrophobic sorbent for the removal of oil substances from solid surface or water surface. Another majority component of the sorbent is polyurethane crumb, which is also a waste , similarly to ash. In practice, the sorbent manifests analogous properties to routinely applied peat sorbents. The dissertation is of a research and teaching character. The research results have become bases and parts of documentation, on the grounds of which 3 patemts and 22 utility designs were applied for and subsequently registered with the Industrial Property Office. Next, a utility sample of the sorbent was made and pilot tested. The chapter dealin with the issue of mine water is comprhensive and can be used as a teaching text.