Studium transportních jevů s využitím metody rezonance povrchových plazmonů

Abstract

This thesis deals with the study of the transport of substances in solutions by membranes of both natural and synthetic nature. The core of the work is focused on the development and testing of a new method for the determination of membrane permeability with SPR detection. Specifically, the experiment is based on the measurement of the diffusion of selected permeants through two types of semipermeable membranes, i.e. the Ficus elastica plant cuticle and the commercially available synthetic membrane (PES) through a uniquely defined flow cell. The permeants were modeled (fructose and urea) and newly investigated xenobiotics dangerous for the environment (DCMU, paracetamol). The thesis consists of theoretical and experimental part. The theoretical part is focused on water pollution by xenobiotics, possibilities of their removal and also on the importance of water resources protection in general. Next is described general principle of membrane separation processes, theoretical description of membranes chosen for experiment and also theoretical description of selected permeants. The experimental part is focused on isolation of plant cuticles, evaluation of plant cuticle morphology by means of optical and scanning electron microscopy, determination of permeability of plant cuticles in diffusion chambers by measuring permeant concentration using HLPC method and determination of plant cuticle and PES membrane permeability by means of diffusion curves using analytical method SPRi. The results confirm the utility of a new method for measuring the permeability of membranes with SPRi detection for various permeants and synthetic and natural membranes.