Možnosti kontaminace životního prostředí nanomateriály uvolněnými při spalování odpadů.

Abstract

The application of nanomaterials into electrical and electronic equipment continues to increase thanks to their nanospecific properties over conventional materials. These nanomaterials are widely used for carbon nanotubes applied to batteries, especially Li-ion batteries (eg, cell phone batteries, laptop batteries, or camera batteries. As a result of rapid technological advances, these batteries are at the end of their life cycle and are becoming more and more nanowaste. As carbon nanotubes are structurally similar to carcinogenic asbestos, the question of effective and safe disposal of such a kind of nanowaste arises. The experimental part of the work was focused on the construction of two types of experimental devices for the combustion of electro-waste containing carbon nanotubes. In the first type of equipment, the thermogravimeter and Nanoscan SMSP was used. The second type of equipment used Muffle furnace and Nanoscan SMPS. The difference between the devices is in the sample weighing, the thermogravimeter works with milligrams, the muffle furnace with grams. Thanks to the milligram weight, it was possible to monitor the combustion process and the sample conversion depending on temperature and time in detail. Nanoscan SMPS enabled real time data transfer of released nanoparticles during the combustion process. Samples intended for combustion experiments were obtained through collaboration on the 7. RP NANoREG international project, and were used to verify the functionality of experimental facilities. Experiment was able to prove the functionality of the proposed experimental devices in which it was possible to monitor thermal degradation of real electro-waste containing carbon nanotubes and measure the resulting emissions from combustion, for the purpose of transition to air or solid waste after incineration. At the same time, the experimental part has prepared specific tools at the laboratory level for risk prevention in the field of waste incineration with nanomaterials.