Vliv hospodářského cyklu na státní rozpočet

Abstract

Public budgets are an important part of the economic system because they perform many functions in which the unregulated market mechanism fails. The revenue side of public budgets is made up primarily by tax payments of economic entities which pay as a matter of fact for life in a civilized society. The system of public budgets plays an essential role in the centralized state budget as manages by the largest amount of resources. The aim of this study is to evaluate the development of the state budget of the Czech Republic from 1996 until 2010 and then use econometric methods to verify the hypothesis of positive correlation between tax revenues of the state budget of the Czech Republic and quarterly real GDP. In the third chapter is used a dynamic-comparative method and in the fourth chapter is applied econometric modeling using mathematical and statistical methods. This work is structured into three main chapters. The second chapter deals with the theoretical background needed for this work particularly the budget system, state budget and budget process in CR, tax issues and tax system of the Republic and the fundamental theory of business cycle. The third chapter describes the development of the state budget from 1996 to 2010. The period from 2003 to 2010 is analyzed in detail and explains the state budget year after year. The fourth chapter deals with the verification of the hypothesis presented by the linear dependence of tax revenues of the state budget and the quarterly real output of Czech economy through the GDP indicator approached by using econometric methods. The following output from the econometric model can serve as a basis for future prediction of tax revenues state budget in Czech Republic.