Efekt kvality a rozlíšenia DMR na výsledky simulácií hydrodynamických numerických modelov:senzitiva modelov pri modelovaní inundačných území.

Abstract

Sustained development of science and technology accessed the whole Earth and processes occurring on its surface as a fair object of computer digitalization. This process affected water over the last years as well. Water is one of the most important elements, which is a fundamental prerequisite for location and evolution of humans, their settlements and economics. Tracing the sources, water movement or even the whole cycle has a constant high priority and importance, and it became the main object of many researches in different institutions. Hydraulic modelling is fast developing area, which connects water and computer. The aim of this dissertation is hydraulic modelling, more precisely the uncertainty in data and its impact on simulation result, especially the inundation area delineation. In the study, different digital models of terrain (DTM) were used to generate stream cross sections, hydraulic results and inundation areas to analyze the effect of quality of the inputting DTM. The DTMs used in analyses were generated using laser altimetry (LIDAR) data, photogrammetry and radar interferometry, which are the three most common used sources of DTM. LIDAR point cloud resulted in raster and its equivalent TIN with resolution of 0.2 meters. The same point cloud was subsequently used to create next models with 0.5, 1, 5 and 10 meters resolution. Original photogrammetric created DTM has a resolution of 10 meters and subsequently resampled to 20 m resolution. Interferometric SRTM DTM has a resolution of 60 x 90 meters. Hydraulic modelling results were obtained with 1-D model HEC-RAS (pre-processor: HEC-GeoRAS) and MIKE 11 (pre-processor MIKE 11 GIS) using the mentioned DTM inputs. Confluence of the rivers Olša and Stonávka was selected as case study area. It is situated in the north – east part of Czech Republic. The quality examination of input DTM was performed through the use of cross sections, longitudinal sections, hydraulic modelling results (water surface, top width, wetted perimeter, inundation area). The dissertation is divided into four parts. First part reveals the theoretical background of hydrology and hydraulic modelling. The second part contains the evaluation of DTM according to error, elevation and location precision. Third part deals with construction of hydraulic model, what comprehends basic elements as well as technical obstructions (bridges, permanent barriers). Last part summarizes the results and conclusions for particular DTM.