Vliv solárního záření na teplotu vnitřního vzduchu budovy v letním období

Abstract

The subject of this dissertation is a comprehensive analysis of the impact of solar radiation on the indoor environment of buildings, with particular emphasis on thermal stability and the risk of overheating during the summer period. Solar radiation represents a significant source of heat gains, the largest proportion of which occurs through transparent envelope elements, primarily fenestration. The magnitude of these gains is fundamentally influenced by the dimensions, orientation, glazing properties, and shading devices. An additional key factor is the thermal storage capacity of opaque building elements, which determines the phase shift and attenuation of indoor temperature fluctuations. The dissertation is structured into theoretical and experimental parts. The theoretical section reviews the current state of knowledge on building overheating, thermal comfort, and the physical principles governing solar radiation transfer. Furthermore, both active and passive strategies for mitigating overheating are analysed, including shading systems, advanced glazing, and night-time ventilation. The experimental section is based on in-situ monitoring carried out in a lecture-room building located on the campus of the Faculty of Civil Engineering, VŠB–Technical University of Ostrava. The primary focus is on indoor temperature conditions and the effects of implemented night ventilation. The research also comprises the design and evaluation of several alternative scenarios using dynamic simulation tools, enabling a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of selected measures on indoor thermal stability under real operating conditions.