Fauna opuštěných štol v závislosti na vybraných parametrech prostředí (Oderské vrchy)

Abstract

The aim of this thesis is studying about the underground areas of the Czech Republic in the territory of the Oder´s hills. The whole work was accompanied by study and field mapping of five selected locations and their fauna. Next aim of this thesis was also peridic monitoring of selected parameters of underground areas such as temperature, humidity and pressure. Incidence slate has together with human activity created a specific environment for the presence of a large number of invertebrates and vertebrates animals. Based on the data obtained from the field survey, comparison of quantitative occurrence of underground invertebrates was carried out. Moreover, influence of the individual localities on fauna diversity of the underground areas was assessed. Variable gradients of the internal environment caused different degrees human intervention into the environment were demonstrated. The data analysis revealed an influence of unused anthropogenic territory which is today subject to a natural succession on the occurrence of invertebrates. According to the already known information, this research demonstrated the lack of rare invertebrate species bound to underground areas. On the other hand it confirmed the numerous occurrences of common underground fauna. In the selected locations, there are invertebrate animals typical for the underground of our country among which belong the following species from the Arthropods phylum and (Arthropoda). Spiders order (Araneida), meta darkness (Meta menardi) and meta cave (Metellina merianae ). The superclass polypods (Myriapoda) was represented by six-axis (Glomeris hexasticha). From the phylum of Hexapoda (Insecta) there was evidence of thenon-numerousevidencemosquitoes piping (Culex pipiens) and scoliocentra (Scoliocentra villosa). The overwintering butterflies was most common species: Peacock eye (Inachis io), moth cellar (Scoliopteryx libatrix) and inchworm caves (Triphosa dubitata). The surrounding countryside has the character of a forgotten region and is riddled with mixed forests dominated by hornbeams (Carpinus), beech (Fagus), oaks (Quercus sp.) and pines (Pinus).