Možnosti společného zpracování odpadních materiálů vznikajících při zpracování přírodního kamene a stavebních odpadů na územích obcí

Abstract

Within the Czech Republic, there is a gradual reduction in natural stone stocks in areas where mining is allowed, some of them are even close to being mined, and at the same time, new ones are not being opened. Natural aggregate is an essential mineral raw material of strategic importance, necessary to ensure the future construction of not only/especially public infrastructure. It is already beyond doubt that the existing natural stone deposits in the Czech Republic will be unable to cover their planned need. The construction industry consumes a massive amount of natural aggregate, and mining companies see many significant impacts that they must address. This is mainly about ensuring quantity and sustainable mining, stable quality of supplied aggregate, the effect of mining on the surrounding environment and the management of waste generated during mining and processing. Currently, companies focused on extracting and processing mass-dominant primary mineral raw materials (natural stone and gravel sands) are faced with increasing problems associated with liquidation materials, which arise especially during their crushing and sorting. Due to the natural properties of the processed natural stone, the available technologies used for its treatment and the hitherto established ways of using all fractions of natural aggregate, some of its parts are currently unacceptable to the construction market and therefore unsaleable. This is mainly stone dust (particles up to 0.063 mm in size), the amount of which is limited in aggregate fractions and for specific use in the construction industry. With the entry into force of the Waste Act and the obligation to ensure the maximum possible rate of new use and recycling of construction and demolition waste (hereinafter referred to as CDW), there is a need to find a comprehensive application for this type of waste. Current practice is also looking for practical use for fly ash and other inert inorganic materials. Stone dust can be used alone, with CDW or other waste materials, to produce new, ecological construction products that find their natural application in the construction industry. The proposed material utilization of unused or applicable waste enables mining and construction companies and municipalities to move from the linear economy model of the so-called "take – make – waste" to a circular model, take responsibility for their waste and transform it into valuable products. This work describes experimental research, the aim of which was to verify the use of stone dust and CDW for the proposed mobile technologies that will be able to process stone dust together with CDW and other inert waste materials for the production of construction products as a 100 % replacement of natural aggregate in selected construction products. The dissertation presents entirely new results and opens up further possibilities for the massive application of stone dust and construction waste in quality products with regional application based on the