Sanace půd a podzemních vod kontaminovaných uhlovodíky v oblasti Ecopetrol, ropného pole Palagua,Kolumbie.

Abstract

The soils of the Station 1 in Palagua oil field and bordering property indicated similar characteristics of both, classifying them like sandy, which coincides with the high permeability and rapid infiltration, together with low relative thickness and low retention of moisture. Also both present a capacity of cationic exchange and granular structure. The underground water contains phenols and metals as the Barium, Lead, Arsenic, hexavalent Chromium and Cadmium that they overcome the limit allowed by the Colombian current environment policy in several points of sampling. The bioaugmentation process represent better results for biodegradation of TPH in 83,7% in average, as well as for biodegradation of oil and grease (58,2%) and PAHs (31,7%). Combination of two treatments is more convenient for elimination of hydrocarbons than bioremediation solo. The flushing with surfactant and washing with hydrogen peroxide solution as the pre-treatments, presented similar efficiency for elimination of TPH, oil and grease but elimination of PAHs it is better to handle with peroxide pre-treatment, where can be achieved more than 80%.The results of the modeling of groundwater flow in the zone of interest, indicate a predominant direction northwest - south-west (NW to SW) and a maximum speed of flow 0.37 m/d of groundwater. The direction of displacement of the underground water together with the pen is towards the Marsh Palagua. The calibration of model lives average error -0,007m and absolute error 0,346m. After one month of biostimulation and two weeks flushing with surfactant as pre-treatment in Palagua oil field, was achieved elimination of TPH (56,3%) oil and grease(44,8%) and PAHs (49,2%).