Použití vybraných nejlepších dostupných technik při ochraně životního prostředí v průmyslu papíru a celulózy - čištění odpadních vod.

Abstract

The pulp and paper industry and its impact on the environment was in the past a serious environmental problem without proper technical care and necessary investments. With the gradual growth of the public pressure on improvement of the environment and on the use of the technologies within the concept of “sustainable development”, the pulp and paper industry has made a great progress over the last decades not only in the area of wastewater treatment, but also in improvement of the impact of the industry on noise, smell and production of waste. This industry is considered a big producer of wastewaters with a large amount of pollution in the form of chemical oxygen demand (COD). Organic pollution of wastewater includes partly compounds of lignite that are difficult to dissolve. The composition of pulp and paper production lines considerably influences the amount of pollution that goes into wastewaters and in the end also the concentration of pollution after the biological wastewater treatment plant. The concept of Best Available Techniques represents today the highest level of development of technologies and their usage that can be introduced in a relevant industry taking into account acceptable economic and technical requirements with the goal of achieving the most effective protection of the environment as a whole. This thesis describes selected options for using best available techniques for wastewater treatment in a pulp and paper company, Mondi Štětí a.s., Czech Republic, in order to decrease the negative impact on the environment. The selected and proposed options are based on the latest technology available and their usage will reduce the effluent parameters with highest negative impact on the environment. In addition to that, the proposed options are in full compliance with sustainable development. The scope of this thesis is based on the existing situation of the wastewater treatment of the pulp and paper company taking into account its future possible developments and investments.