Technicko-ekonomická komparace spalovacích a alternativních pohonných jednotek osobních vozidel

Abstract

The diploma thesis deals with the technical and economic comparison of internal combustion and alternative engines in passenger cars. It deals with the possibilities of replacing classic internal combustion engines and engines with alternative ones. The first part contains theoretical starting points, the characteristics of combustion and alternative aggregates are elaborated. It also deals with the functioning of the history of automobiles and, finally, the principles of individual engines and their division. This part also contains the methodology of the work, from which the following part is based. In the second practical part, there is an introduction to the cars that were chosen for this work. There are a total of five vehicles with gasoline, diesel, compressed natural gas CNG, with a hybrid drive, which is a combination of gasoline and electricity, and finally an electric car. The next point of this part is the analysis of the various characteristics and parameters of the vehicles, which are then compared. Carried out decision analysis and the use of Saaty's method and using the own utility matrix to create the final results of the technical-economic comparison. The last point is the simulation of the overall model situation, where the costs of car operation are compared in the case of different annual raids. The conclusion contains a recapitulation of the obtained data and comments on the final results. The conclusion of the work is to find out the differences between combustion and alternative aggregates in terms of price and performance. Due to the state of the environment, there is a need to constantly develop new technologies and power units that can help in this situation. It is therefore appropriate to consider the replacement of classic internal combustion engines with other alternatives, or the use of hybrid variants that combine different fuels.