Vztah korupce a ekonomického růstu

Abstract

Everyday we could hear about corruption or meet with it, ether through media or we could be the witness of corruption behavior in our daily life. So corruption is one of the most discussed problems of our century which is necessary to solve. There are many organizations and institutions which deal with corruption, measuring of corruption perception is an international comparison entity, there is analyzed an influence of corruption on the state economy and in modern history it has became a part of some economic theory. Governance and political parties pay attention to this problem in their programs, however just before elections. In special articles we can read that the consequences of corruption for economic and social development and growth are detrimental. It erodes macroeconomic and fiscal stability and spurs inequality. It reduces the effectiveness of public administration and distorts public expenditure decisions, channeling resources away from sectors such as health care and education to corruption-prone sectors or personal enrichment. It erodes the rule of law and harms the reputation of and trust in the state. Not least corruption has negative effects on investment and hinders growth. Since 1995 Transparency International compiles Corruption Perceptions Index also for Czech Republic and we have to say that its rank and score are not very good. But is it possible to measure corruption? And which of its definition is the best one when so many organisations and institutions use so many definitions? Do we know causes and consequences of corruptions occurrence? Are the effects of corruption on economy only negative or it could be positive too? Is there any relationship between corruption and economic growth? The aim of this thesis is to answer these questions. Primary goal of this thesis is to confirm or disconfirm that corruption has negative effects on economic growth in OECD countries. The secondary goal is to describe the relationship between institutional factors and corruption. Both in the econometric analysis framework. The theoretical framework corresponds with these goals, so there are define and compare different definitions of corruption, methods of its measuring, type of corruption, its causes and consequences and also economic growth theory in which was the corruption integrated.