Raspberry Pi jako inteligentní centrum chytré domácnosti a komunikační systém pro osoby se specifickými potřebami

Abstract

This bachelor thesis deals with the design and implementation of a local assistive communication system and a smart home hub for people with limited mobility. The goal of the thesis is to provide an affordable, modular, and fully local alternative to commercial cloud-based solutions. The system consists of a wireless, battery-powered joystick controller based on the ESP32 microcontroller and a central control unit running on the Raspberry Pi platform. Communication between the controller and the hub utilizes Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technology, with a strong emphasis on minimizing power consumption through Deep Sleep mode. The central unit processes requests via an MQTT broker and provides a responsive web interface (Flask, AJAX) that allows caregivers to monitor the patient’s status and enables the patient to independently control their environment. The system successfully integrates the Zigbee protocol (Zigbee2MQTT) for controlling modern smart home devices and infrared (IR) transmission utilizing a hybrid cascading logic for reliable control of legacy consumer electronics. Through the implementation of a HTTP REST API, the system offers a high degree of interoperability with commercial assistive platforms and enables remote emergency SOS signaling to a monitoring server. Secure remote management and wireless firmware updates are also provided. Practical tests have proven connection stability resistant to interference with a latency under 2 seconds, as well as sufficient energy efficiency, where the controller exceeded 38 hours of active operation on a single charge in a realistic stress scenario.