Vliv přídavku biouhlu na technologii kompostování

Abstract

This thesis looks at the use of biocarbon in composting and the effect of its addition on changing the composting process and some of the quality indicators of the resulting product. The work first defines bio-charcoal, listing its characteristics and the technological possibilities for its use. In the next section, the raw material composition and composting technology is defined in the composting plant INGEA Recyklace, s.r.o., where the experimental part was performed. The experimental part of the work includes methods and procedures that verified the influence of biocarbon on composting technology and the properties of the resulting product, such as the temperature regime of the composting process, humidity, degree of maturity and the amount of released volatiles (VOCs) during this aerobic biodegradation. A modern method of pyrolysis chromatography with mass detection (py- GC/MS) has been used to identify organic compounds (terpenes) which, in addition to known compounds (organically bound sulphur and nitrogen), are significantly involved in odour. To monitor the VOCs released into the compost's air during composting, MARKES's (UK) special sampling equipment has been re-certified, where VOCs are caught on a sorbent placed in sorption tubes. The thesis also addresses the possibilities of eliminating the emerging odour by applying Probio-K2 and IH Ekobakter (a company called MANETECH, s.r.o.) to a fermenter with subsequent evaluation of VOC emissions.