Recyklace fotovoltaických panelů

Abstract

This bachelor thesis deals with the recycling of photovoltaic panels in the context of the increasing volume of solar waste and the need for sustainable materials management. The thesis provides a comprehensive overview of photovoltaic panels, their history, composition, principle of operation and life cycle. It also focuses on their legislative framework in the Czech Republic and the European Union. Different types of photovoltaic panels, including crystalline silicon, thin-film, perovskite and organic, and their specific properties affecting the recycling process are discussed in detail. A key part of the thesis focuses on recycling methods such as mechanical, thermal, chemical and combined delamination, leaching, etching and metal recovery. Their advantages and disadvantages are compared, including their environmental and economic impacts. The last section deals with the environmental aspects of the production, operation and disposal of PV panels, including landscape changes, land use and ways to minimise negative environmental impacts.