Posouzení možností stanovení teploty vzplanutí směsí hořlavých kapalin

Abstract

Dolníček, Petr, Assessment of options of determining the flash point of flammable liquid mixtures. Ostrava 2018. Dissertation thesis. VŠB – Technical University of Ostrava, Faculty of Safety Engineering. Thesis supervisor: doc. Ing. Ivana Bartlová, CSc. Today, great emphasis is placed on compliance with rules governing safety and protection of human health and the environment. The modern era and continuous development of new technologies is forcing humans to use a vast amount of chemical substances and mixtures. Chemical substances and mixtures help improve the living standard of humans in all industrial areas, but not all these substances are safe. The hazardous properties of most chemical substances are well known; however, this cannot be said of their mixtures. To facilitate the acquisition of the necessary properties of hazardous chemical substances and mixtures the European Union issued the European Union Parliament and Committee Regulation No. 1272/2018 on the classification, labelling and packaging of chemical substances and mixtures (CLP Regulation). The predominant part of this regulation provides information about flammable liquids which occur in perhaps every field. To classify flammable liquids into categories subject to the CLP Regulation it is necessary to know the flash point and initial boiling point. Also, one must know the flash point to enable classification into hazard classes to comply with requirements for prevention of technological equipment. These parameters can be determined experimentally, from literature or by prediction. The flash point is determined by using the open cup and closed cup methods, whereas it depends on the presumed flash point. The flash point determined by the closed cup method is stricter - lower, therefore the closed cup method is used for classifying flammable liquids according to the CLP Regulation. For this reason, the dissertation thesis focuses on the options of determining the flash point of alternative fuels – mixtures of alcohols and alcohols with water – experimentally and predictively and their comparison for the most efficient use in practice.