Doporučení pro řešení zápachu z kanalizace ve zvolené lokalitě

Abstract

This diploma thesis deals with the bad odour from the public sewerage network. The thesis includes extracts from current legislatives and standards for odours, sensor detection of odours and descriptions of odour sources in connection with wastewater. Furthermore, this thesis focuses on hydrogen sulphide which makes up the majority of the odours in sewerage networks. The processes of hydrogen sulphide creation, its influence, factors affecting its creation and methods of effective control in the wastewater and sewage atmosphere are described. The practical part is aimed towards determining the reason for the odour in part of the Loštice sewerage network, by using ground research, measuring and analysis of the operational data. The problem with this odour has been shown to be caused by hydrogen sulphide. The cause of this smell is a disproportionately long standing time of the wastewater in the specific pumping station pressure line. In this thesis a possibility to resolve this bad odour has been suggested. This includes the adsorption of hydrogen sulphide from the sewer atmosphere by means of filters containing activated charcoal and the application of ferric sulphate, calcium nitrate and iron ions solution with nitrates to the wastewater. From the chemical solutions used, the calcium sulphate solution had the highest efficiency to eliminate hydrogen sulphide in operational tests. By comparing the economic demands and efficiency of the proposed possible solutions, the application of a calcium nitrate solution in the pumping station Žádlovice has been recommended as the most suitable solution for the affected area. In addition to this, in order to improve Health and Safety in the workplace and streamline workflows, the pumping station is designed to be supplemented by forced ventilation of the collection chamber. It has also been recommended to change the routine maintenance of the sewage pumping station, the main purpose of which is to expand the number of steps concerning the regular removal of sediment and microbial biofilm in the collection chamber and in the pressure line. Based on the problem-solving knowledge at affected area, recommendations for a strategy to prevent bad odour problems and identify their occurrence in sewerage systems has been put together to provide general support for the operation of the sewer network.