Výzkum spalování tuhých alternativních paliv

Abstract

The presented work is focused on the issue of combustion of solid alternative fuels. The production of municipal waste in the Czech Republic is increasing and a large part of this material is disposed of by landfilling. It is necessary to increase the material and energy recovery of these wastes, which will significantly save primary non-renewable resources of raw materials and energy. One of the ways to address this situation is to prepare solid alternative fuels from the waste generated and subsequently utilise this fuel for energy. The combustion process during the energy recovery of the alternative solid fuel must be set up and managed with a view to minimising the harmful effects on human and animal life and health, on the environment and on tangible assets. For the design of plants using solid alternative fuels for energy purposes, it is essential to know the real measured values of the parameters of the combustion processes of these fuels. The experimental part is focused on the execution and evaluation of combustion test of solid alternative fuel prepared from municipal waste and combustion tests of mixtures of this fuel with standard fuels in the form of brown coal and wood chips. A certified solid alternative fuel made from waste material produced in the manufacture of automobiles was also subjected to the experiment. The gaseous emissions and solid residues produced from the combustion of the different fuel types are compared with each other in the thesis. The mass and heat balance is performed for all the combustion tests mentioned. The experiments were carried out on a grate incinerator. In addition, the certified solid alternative fuel was burned on an upgraded rotary kiln and the results are compared with the original grate kiln in this thesis.