Pyrolýzní příprava uhlíkatých materiálů z odpadní biomasy po pěstování rajčat

Abstract

SCHNÜRCHOVÁ A. Pyrolysis preparation of carbonaceous materials from waste biomass after tomato cultivation

This master thesis deals with the preparation of carbonaceous materials (biochar) by microwave pyrolysis under different process conditions without/with activation from waste biomass after tomato cultivation from company Bezdínek Farm in Dolní Lutyně. The theoretical part is focused on the theory of the issue. The theory related to pyrolysis, both conventional and microwave, or the theory of adsorption and mechanisms of transport of individual components during adsorption are discussed. The theoretical part also includes a description of the Bezdínek Farm and a research of the subject. The experimental part is divided into several subchapters. In the first part, the waste tomato biomass (coconut fibre, tomato fruit, tomato stem and tomato stem with string) was characterised. In the next section, the pyrolysis process conditions such as microwave reactor power were investigated using three power outputs (200, 400 and 600 W) and different retention times (30, 35, 40 and 45 minutes). Based on the best porous structure of the prepared biochar, the optimum microwave pyrolysis conditions were selected: 400 W and 35 min and the input material was stems with string (mixture of biomass and polymer). This waste biomass was activated with ZnCl2 at different concentrations in solid and liquid phase under these conditions. The best biochar in terms of the best porous structure was the biochar prepared from tomato stems with a string at 400 W, with a retention time of 35 min and solid ZnCl2 activator in weight ratios of 1:1 and 3:1 (biomass:activator). The specific surface area of these biochars took values of SBET = 449-497 m2.g-1 and the micropore content was in the range of Vmicro = 139-166 mmliq3.g-1. The results of this thesis show that microwave pyrolysis is a suitable recycling method for processing waste biomass-polymer mixture and can be prepared microporous biochar, which can be used as a sorbent of waste materials from the gas and liquid phases.