Socio-ekonomické faktory prevalence psychiatrických diagnóz v České republice a Slovenské republice

Abstract

The main aim of the thesis is to evaluate the dynamics of the prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses and the influence of selected socio-economic factors on the overall prevalence in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic for the period 2010-2021. The thesis is divided into six chapters. The theoretical part focuses on mental health care policy and reforms, with an emphasis on socio-economic determinants of mental health. Within the practical part, the object of interest is the outpatient and inpatient segment of psychiatry. In the first phase, the analysis of the dynamics of prevalence of ten groups of psychiatric diagnoses in the Czech Republic and Slovakia is carried out. In the second stage, the Tobit regression model is applied to approximate the influence of potential socio-economic factors on the prevalence dynamics. The results show that the prevalence in the Czech Republic and Slovakia develops differently. The dynamics of prevalence in outpatient care in the Czech Republic has an increasing direction (k̅ = 1.023), in the Slovak Republic it is slightly decreasing (k̅ = 0.996). The dynamics of prevalence in inpatient care is stagnant in the Czech Republic (k̅ = 1.000), in the Slovak Republic it has a decreasing direction (k̅ = 0.989). In 2020, the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic is evident in both the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic. The estimated Tobit models better explain the potential effects on prevalence in inpatient psychiatry. The main risk factors for the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in both segments of psychiatry are GDP per capita, the number of people at risk of poverty and social exclusion, and the proportion of people with a university degree.