Dekekce rezistentních kmenů Escherichia coli k fluorochinolonům v odpadních vodách ze zdravotnických zařízení

Abstract

The aim of the thesis is the detection of resistant strains of Escherichia coli to fluoroquinolones in wastewaters from health facilities. The thesis is divided into several parts. The first part deals with quinolones and their pharmacological relevance. Furthemore, the work describes mechanisms of bacterial resistance to the quinolones, the fluoroquinolones and the methods of detection of resistant strains of bacteria. Other sections are devoted to the experimental part of the job and its results. In the experimental parts of the work wastewaters from sewage treatment plants from the University Hospital Olomouc, hospitals Prostějov and Šternberk were tested on detection of resistant strains of Escherichia coli to fluoroquinolones and the detection of the genes of resistance to plasmid mediated type of resistance to fluoroquinolones qnrA, qnrB, aac (6´)-Ib-cr. At the Faculty hospital Olomouc was detected 69 strains enterobacteria, which accounted for 17 % of E. coli, of which is 42 % resistant strains to fluoroguinolones. Of which 40 % 's carried in its genome qnrB genes and 20 % aac (6´)-Ib-cr genes. At the Hospital Prostějov 59 strains of enterobacteriaceae was detected, which accounted for 22 % of E. coli, which is 69 % resistant strains to fluoroquinolones, of which 7,6 % 's carried in its genome qnrB genes. 89 strains of enterobactericeae was detected at the Hospital Šternberk, which accounted for 12 % of E. coli, of which is 33 % resistant strains of E. coli to fluoroquinolones. In conclusion, no strains carried qnr genes and aac(6´)-Ib-cr gen in their genome.