Dopad znečištění životního prostředí na migraci

Abstract

The subject of the doctoral dissertation is the research of migration determinants, especially with regard to environmental factors represented by air pollution and it is also crucial contribution of the work to the research of this issue and empirical literature. The aim of this thesis is to find out if air pollution has some effects on outflow of inhabitants from environmentally affected regions on example of internal migration between districts in the Czech Republic. The empirical research is based on the data set (collected data panel) on internal migration between districts of the Czech Republic and its potential, especially economic, determinants for the period 1993-2015. Especially panel linear regression models, both non-dynamic and dynamic, are used to demonstrate these impacts, with OLS and GMM estimation methods. The results of empirical testing show that air pollution has a positive impact on migration within the Czech Republic and also demonstrate the functioning of other economic determinants in line with the economic theory of migration. Furthermore, it has been detected that the polluted environment has almost double impact on the outflow of inhabitants from the most polluted districts than from other clean ones (because the highest measured values and concentrations of harmful substances – particulate matter (PM10), sulphur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) – which limits are exceeded in the long run).