Kovy a jejich sloučeniny v tkáních z horních cest dýchacích

Abstract

This diploma work deals with assessment of presence of metal-based particles in human tissues samples from the upper respiratory tract, with focus on the tonsils, with diagnosis of chronic tonsillitis and cancer, and nasal polyps. These tissues were evaluated using a combination of electron microscopy and Raman microspectroscopy for particles detection and determination of their elemental and phase composition. The assumpion that, particles of certain composition and shape are capable of transport through membranes were investigated using computer modeling based on the theoretical model of biomembranes. Based on this model, the penetration of particles through biomembrane was predicted. The presence of particles of metal and non-metal composition were successfully detected by experimental techniques. These particles were detected in all evaluated samples. The encapsuled clusters of sub-micron particles were found under the surface of the mucous membrane of polyps, which demonstrates the ability of certain particles to penetrate deeper into the body through the membrane. The theoretical model revealed the differences in the individual ability of metals to penetrate through the model of biomembrane, which depends on the particle shape and orientation towards to the membrane.