Využití numerického modelování v hornictví.

Abstract

With the ever-growing need of our society to ensure sufficient mineral resources the demands on their extraction are increasing in parallel. The extraction must be not only effective but equally safe. With the increasing of industrialization level of primary sector and with need to excavate the resources more often in unfavorable geomechanical conditions the issue of safety development comes to fore. Adverse conditions means various types of rock mass instabilities. Typical include sinks and drops of overlying layers above mining works, their very deformations or instabilities of natural and artificially created slopes. Number of methods have been developed to assess slope instabilities like in situ monitoring, number of analytical computational methods, rock mass rating methods and modeling of slopes by usage of numerical methods. This thesis is focused on usage of numerical methods usable for slope stability. It is a modern way of solution that is being used more frequently now. The span of numerical methods is too wide for this thesis which has also different purpose than to provide complex information and findings in this field. I would like to present recent possibilities on numerical modeling of slopes stability by complex solution of two tasks typical for surface mining. Each calculation phase will be commented in detail so they reflect requirements of this type of thesis. This way my thesis should help readers to understand the linkage of numerical methods deployment. Practical target of the first task is to determine the safety coefficient of the slope that sundowned earlier. Next purpose is to validate suitability of recommended remediations. Subject is surface greywacke mine located in northern Moravia. The simulation of heap mining near Pribram will be as a second case. Those heaps were created as a co-product of uranium mining. It is planned to mine those heaps in a non standart way, from the foot of the slope. Because of this, the stability conditions and changes in the slope are mainly safety issues. The results of such modeling can be used for technological process design. Finally there is mentioned real example where numerical modeling was used as tool for stress-strain state of massive.