Monitoring of Technical Infrastructure by Radar Interferometry

Abstract

The radar data from the Sentinel-1 program are used in this work which is processed by the PSInSAR method. The PSInSAR results are time series on the permanent reflectors in the surveyed area. By analysing these time series, I detect the movements of the Earth's surface, in my case, over underground gas storage and road infrastructure. Signal processing tools are used in the data analysis to allow us to detect periodicity and reduce noise. During processing, abnormal movements in the surveyed area were detected. The anomalous behaviour was determined based on theoretical vertical movements of the UGS derived from gas injection/withdrawal. The area with abnormal motion exhibited the opposite direction of motion concerning the UGS processes. I visualized the detected motions using a spiral plot on a map. I then compared the PSInSAR results with the temporary GNSS station TVRN. Vertical and horizontal motions were detected from the measurements from the TVRN station. Therefore, I decomposed the PSInSAR measurements into vertical (UP) and horizontal motion (E-W) and compared them with the GNSS measurements. The conversion to vertical/horizontal motion confirmed the influence of tectonic faulting on the vertical and horizontal motion in the area during injection/withdrawal in the UGS, respectively. Attention also was paid to the bridge structures and their deformations tracked by InSAR. It can be said that the resolution of Sentinel-1 data is not suitable for tracking bridge structures due to the low resolution and the low number of permanent scatterers detected by us. The assumption is that the bridge structure will show substantial dilation due to the change in annual temperatures.