Porovnání vlivu struktury a typu materiálu na balistickou odolnost 3D tištěných materiálů

Abstract

This bachelor thesis focuses on comparing the influence of internal structure and material type on the ballistic resistance of samples produced using 3D printing. The aim was to experimentally evaluate how different combinations of materials and internal geometries affect the ability to stop a projectile and absorb its energy. The results are intended to assess the potential for practical use in the field of ballistic protection. The samples were designed based on a theoretical analysis of material and structural properties, then fabricated using FDM and SLA technologies. The printed samples were tested on a ballistic range using .22 LR ammunition. The results were evaluated in terms of damage extent, projectile penetration, and energy absorption. The experiments showed that ballistic resistance is significantly influenced by both the material used and the internal geometry. Structures such as Tubulane and Schwarz-D gradient demonstrated the ability to slow down or stop the projectile through controlled deformation and improved stress distribution. In contrast, solid samples without internal structures exhibited uncontrolled fragmentation and lower energy absorption. The findings confirm the potential of 3D printing for producing lightweight and functionally optimized elements for ballistic protection. These insights may be applied in the development of safety door infills, personal protective equipment, or other ballistic shielding components. However, further research with a larger number of tested samples and the use of additional printing technologies such as SLS or SLM is necessary for more comprehensive conclusions.