Optimalizace těžebních podmínek a toku těživa z oblasti zasažené bývalou hlubinnou těžbou.

Abstract

Sokolovská uhelná, právní nástupce, a.s. is in its mines „Jiří“ and „Družba“ encountering, such as other brown coal companies in Czech Republic, with effects of previously deep mined area. This problem affects the function of both mines. Current mining areas interfere with previously deep mined area, where a „room and pillar“ method with controlled caving system was used. Research is mainly focused on conditions of the mine „Jiří“. Here is the problem with mining in caved goafs very actual. After the year 2000 a capacity of extracted supplies started to rise. Currently, the remainings of the previously deep mined area are in 2 last mixed overburden benches and in the first and the second coal bench. According to the researches and old mine's records, the level of extracted supplies will rise even more and it is expected that after the year 2011 there will be 80% of supplies affected by deep mining. Mining in afflicted areas of seam in the mine „Jiří“ is acompanied by presence of fires and infusions, presence of foreign material in the coal, outflow of water from waste areas and other negative effects. The worst consequence is, that amount of the supplies is decreasing. The „room and pillar“ method with controlled caving system also destroys a lot of remaining supplies. Between remaining pillars is top wall which collapsed into rooms, and in second and third benches is mixture of coal from inter-room pillars. Solution of this problem can be found in the thesis. According to the research of status of supplies in the deep mined area, analysis of collapse process and calculation of amount and quality of supplies by method of the unitary block, problem solver suggested dividing system which will use a clapper to divide the coal flow. The clapper will be placed on a tipping vehicle. The device also includes an ash analyzer. Ash analyzer will differentiate overlying clay or its mixtures with coal and it will send a signal to move the clapper in the dirrection of waste dump. Next phase of research is usage of dividing system for cuts affected by the „room and pillar“ method, where is not just clay, but also coal mixtures from upper and lower benches and from inter-room pillars. Those mixtures can be, with this method, devided on two types of coal – its quality will be different according to adjustable value of ash. This method can dramatically help with mining in the areas that are destroyed by deep mining and also, valuation of supplies will be better.In the thesis are also suggestions how to apply this solution in other coal mines in Czech Republic.