Spolehlivost a bezpečnost provozu fotovoltaických elektráren

Abstract

This thesis deals with the issue of reliable and safe operation of photovoltaic power plants. Recently, the installed capacity of PV power plants has been increasing constantly and at the same time a large number of plants are gradually aging. In order to ensure the quality operation of PV power plants, it is necessary to perform regular diagnostics and maintenance, as a large number of faults can occur during operation, which affect the safety and overall power generation. For the detection of faults in photovoltaic panels, there are a number of diagnostic methods, including, among others, electroluminescence. This method is able to reliably detect damage to PV cells, but a special camera is required to detect in the IR spectrum. However, a suitable substitute for professional cameras can also be found in an ordinary digital camera. A major risk in the operation of photovoltaic power plants is the occurrence of an electric arc. Currently, inverters are available on the market that are equipped with arc protection, but a large number of older plants in particular are not equipped with such protection. In the text, a proposal for arc protection is presented which could complement existing installations. Finally, the reliability of photovoltaic power plants is presented, focusing on the reliability parameters of individual components, as well as the methodology for collecting the necessary data for their evaluation.